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No.1324
Modern: Tonal
Manfred Gurlitt (1890-1972) was a student of Engelbert Humperdinck and worked as an assistant r�p�titeur and conductor
with Richard Strauss, Carl Muck and Leo Blech. In 1929 he took a position as conductor at Berlin�s renowned Krolloper. When the
Nazis came to power, he was excluded from his profession because of his Jewish heritage.
The Goya Symphony was written in 1938, shortly before Gurlitt flew into exile to Japan. There he accomplished what had become
impossible for him in Germany: Manfred Gurlitt became an acclaimed composer, conductor and teacher. Like many other of his
works, the Goya Symphony was premiered in Japan. The first performance in German took place as late as 1952.
As in his operas, Gurlitt�s Goya Symphony also shows his opposition against the Nazi regime. The sources of inspiration for this
work are paintings of Francisco Goya that Gurlitt saw in 1933 at a visit of the Prado museum in Madrid. Indeed the similarities between
the Goya and Gurlitt are obvious. Both fled from their home countries for political reasons: Goya went to France into exile while Gurlitt
flew to Japan. Also, both artists criticized the political situation and crimes of their time in their work in a complex and encrypted way.
(This kind of �encrypted criticism� connects Gurlitt to another composer that lived during the same time as he did: Dmitri Shostakovich,
the Russian composer who always found cunning ways to express his divergent opinion in his music.)
The symphony begins with Spanish castanets in a cheerful mood, which is being overshadowed as the music progresses. The playful
theme of the first movement stands in contrast to the march-staccato-motives from the second movement. Powerful chords create
a threatening and aggressive atmosphere in the third movement. Finally the symphony ends with a movement of variations, where
tonality more and more dissolves; here the music feels like a never-ending quest.
Music Composed by Manfred Gurlitt
Played by the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra
With Christiane Oelze (soprano)
Conducted by Antony Beaumont
"Gurlitt�s Goya Symphony is for orchestra alone and is in four movements of which the last is a Theme and ten
variations here thoughtfully presented with each variation separately tracked.
Gurlitt is a lyric composer but he is no lavish late-romantic at least not by George Lloyd or Josef Marx standards.
His palette has clear affinities with Mahler in its patteringly confident Allegro deciso and with Hindemith and Siegfried Wagner
in the marzipan playfulness of the first two movements. The cantabile is mildly astringent�rather similar to Rawsthorne
at one moment�and less disorientatingly with Franz Schmidt in the cheerier reaches of the Husarenlied Variations.
The implacably grim and insistent Largo (III) includes, at its apex, a fusillade of rifle fire. This volley is followed by three
ringing anvil blows. The theme and variations sequence is lengthy and includes an explosively urgent and ruthlessly
exciting Allegro tumultuoso (tr. 8). Much of the cheerier material recalls for me the jaunty Schmidt or Hindemith but
there are more serious and even poetic episodes (as in tr. 11). The final (tr. 14) Maestoso has a sourly trudging and tragic
mien as the music winds towards catastrophe. A trumpet call is heard that must have been influenced by the trumpet
elegy that calls out over Franz Schmidt�s fourth symphony of about the same time. The symphony ends in a Rosenkavalier
shimmer amid a distant echo of the trumpet theme.
The Four Dramatic Songs were a musical wedding present to his new Japanese wife in 1952. That was the year in which
he divorced Wiltraut Hahn with whom he had travelled to Japan in 1937. These four songs are intense, concentrated,
darkly inward but accessible enough. They are not as florid as those by Schulhoff and Zemlinsky but they have a fascination
and concentration best exemplified by the last song in which Gurlitt�s own personal situation is perhaps paralleled.
A nobleman suffering from leprosy is healed in the arms of a young girl. The last song has the brass making their
presence abrasively and dramatically felt. The bells of redemption ring out in healing at 4:43.
The words to the four songs are given in German and in English translation side by side.
I am more than indebted to Antony Beaumont�s liner essay. To him we owe the tantalising prospect/hope of hearing
Gurlitt�s Shakespeare Symphony (1952�54) and the cello and violin concertos.
Gurlitt made something of a splash in 1921�5 with his opera Wozzeck which was eclipsed by Berg�s opera of the same
name. A similar fate engulfed his opera Soldaten (1929�30) with Bernd Alois Zimmermann�s own opera on the same title.
The opera Nana was overshadowed by Berg�s Lulu. Despite having his music blacklisted by the Nazis he continued to write
in exile in Japan where between 1933 and 1945 there were three more operas and various substantial instrumental works.
There his Goya Symphony was premiered on 14 January 1943."
Musicweb
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---------- Post added at 01:46 PM ---------- Previous post was at 12:50 PM ----------
No.1325
Modern: Neo-Classical
As an intellectual and an aesthete, Niccol� Castiglioni (1932-1996) occupied a singular place in the profound renewal
of Italian and European musical life of the Sixties and Seventies. Having a predilection for clear sonorities and airy,
transparent textures, Castiglioni created his own unique and original artistic philosophy.
From the tonal harmony of the melodious and delicate Galuppi-inspired La Buranella (1979 � 80) to the more
fragmented and experimental Altisonanza (1990 � 92), this album gives a broad insight into the various musical
influences on the composer and the choices he made during his life.
Salmo XIX, employing a sort of terraced polyphony of extreme refinement, presents an unusual set of performing
forces: it includes two sopranos, sung here by the coloratura Teresia Bokor � who received the Soloist Prize for 2013 at
Folkoperan in Stockholm for her interpretation of The Queen of the Night � and Sine Bundgaard, a soprano at the
Royal Danish Opera and Artist of the Year for Danish National Radio in 2004.
Music Composed by Niccol� Castiglioni
Played by the Danis National Radio Symphony Orchestra
With Teresia Bokor & Sine Bundgaard (sopranos)
And the Danish National Radio Choir
Conducted by Gianandrea Noseda
"As a younger contemporary of Berio, Nono and Maderna, Niccol� Castiglioni (1932-1996) brought wit, buoyancy
and an absolute sureness of touch to the post-1945 Italian avant garde. That joyous airiness is beautifully exemplified
in the three works on Gianandrea Noseda�s impressively polished disc. La Buranella is an orchestral suite derived from
movements in Galuppi�s keyboard sonatas (the title comes from Burano, the Venetian island where Galuppi was born).
It is charming and lightweight, rather like Stravinsky�s Pulcinella. But both Altisonanza and the setting of Psalm 19,
The heavens declare the glory of God, are substantial, compelling scores. Altisonanza (also available in a 2011 Neos
recording) is one of Castiglioni�s finest pieces, an orchestral triptych full of the gem-like high-register writing that was
so typical of his music. The scoring for Salmo XIX, apparently not available on disc before, includes a pair of solo
sopranos � one a helium-high coloratura � to provide a gleaming tracery above the chorus. Each section of the text
is treated differently, and given its own sound world, but there�s muscle as well as beauty; it�s a remarkable piece,
a real choral discovery."
The Guardian
Source: Chandos Records CD (My rip)
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File Size: 154 MB (incl. covers & booklet)
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